[Written By Rabbi Moishe Lebovits]
KOF-K Kosher Supervision
Halachically Speaking Volume 5 and Piskei Harav Belsky zt”l (reprint hard cover) Coming Soon!!
The Mitzvah
One is obligated to send mishloach manos on Purim to his friend etc.[1] This mitzvah was introduced during the time of Mordechai and Esther and is considered a divrei kabbalah mitzvah and not a d’oraisa.[2] There are two basic reasons for this mitzvah; The Terumas Hadeshen[3] says the reason is in order that everyone should have food for the seuda. The opinion of the Manos Ha’Levi[4] is in order to promote friendship on Purim one should give gifts to one another. The obligation is to send two items (which items will be discussed) to one person.[5] However, the poskim encourage that the more mishloach manos one sends the more fortunate he is.[6] When one sends mishloach manos he should fulfill the mitzvah and satisfy both reasons.[7] For example, one who sends clothing has not satisfied both reasons, since he cannot use it for the meal (refer below). The poskim offer different reasons as to why there is no beracha recited on the mitzvah of mishloach manos (see footnote).[8]
Eating Before Sending Mishloach Manos
There are some poskim that say one should not eat (a substantial amount of food, tasting is permitted) before performing the mitzvah of mishloach manos.[9] However, most poskim say that one is permitted to eat before the mitzvah is performed.[10] The reason for this leniency is because one will not forget to send the mishloach manos, since most of the day people are busy sending him mishloach manos, therefore, he will remember to give as well.[11]
Mishloach Manos First Or Matanos L’evyonim?
Many say that one should give matanos l’evyonim before giving mishloach manos.[12] Others maintain that mishloach manos should be given before matanos l’evyonim since mishloach manos is stated first in the posuk.[13]
Women’s Obligation
Some poskim maintain that women are not obligated in this mitzvah,[14] however, most poskim say that women are obligated to send mishloach manos.[15] Women should be careful and only send to women and not to men.[16] Some poskim maintain that a woman who is sending mishloach manos may send clothing.[17] Many women are busy preparing the mishloach manos, and the men do not get involved. However, the men should have a role in the mishloach manos as well.[18] Some say it is sufficient for a husband and wife to send mishloach manos together, thereby the mishloach manos is coming from both of them.[19] A woman who is working for a frum-male boss should say that her mishloach manos is from my husband.[20]
Young Children Participating In the Mitzvah
It is good chinuch for one to train his young children in the mitzvah of mishloach manos. [21] Some say this can be accomplished by appointing your child as your mishloach manos deliverer.[22] Others say one should give mishloach manos or money to the child to buy mishloach manos so that they can fulfill this mitzvah.[23] Some poskim hold that children over 13 even those who are being supported by their parents are obligated,[24] while other poskim maintain that they are exempt, and are included with their parents.[25]
The Correct Time
The correct time to send mishloach manos is on the day of Purim, and not the night of the Megilla reading.[26] If one sent his mishloach manos at night he was not yotzei his obligation and he must fulfill his obligation of mishloach manos by day.[27] (However, one must keep in mind this is only the first one that one is sending. The mishloach manos that he will be sending to other people may be given at night).[28]
What to Send?
Some say that one may send the same type of food as long as it is two separate pieces,[29] for example, one may send two of the same type of fruits. Most poskim maintain that it has to be two separate tasting foods.[30] For example, one may send a piece of meat and a cracker, etc. One is not yotzei two minim with sending an ice cream sandwich. The reason is because sending one min with two berachos is considered one min.[31] Two different berachos are not required to be considered two different manos according to any opinion.[32] One does not have to only send food items; a drink is considered a food item as well,[33] therefore, one may send one drink item and one food item.[34] Many poskim maintain that one may not send raw food as mishloach manos.[35] Others say that raw food is permitted since one can cook the food if he wishes.[36] One may send a frozen food since it is possible that one may defrost it.[37] One may send packaged food even though it is not fit to eat “as is,” since he has to open the package prior to eating the food.[38] Sending bread[39] with a tavshil is considered two minim.[40] Some send candies or chocolate as mishloach manos.[41] One should send food that can be eaten by the seuda to at least one person.[42]
Non-Food Items
One who sends non-food items as mishloach manos was not yotzei his obligation of mishloach manos.[43] A person may not send a sefer as mishloach manos.[44] Money may not be sent either.[45] Some poskim say that one may send non-food items,[46] however, this does not seem to be the custom.
The Shiur
There is a certain amount of uncertainty as to exactly what the shiur of mishloach manos is.[47] Some say that the food sent should consist of 6-7 oz. of food,[48] while others maintain one should send the amount of food he would serve his own guest.[49] The poskim stress that an important size (daver chashuv) should be given.[50] One may send a candy tray since it is different minim.[51] The minhag seems to be to send cake and chocolate as mishloach manos.[52]
Sending a Item without a Good Hechsher
One who sends food to someone who does not trust that specific hechsher was still yotzei his mitzvah of mishloach manos.[53] The same holds true for someone who sends a certain item to his friend who is on a diet, and does not eat that specific food.[54]
Giving It on One Plate At One Time
The custom is that the two manos may be given in one utensil and it is still considered giving two manos.[55] Initially, one should give both manos at the same time;[56] others maintain that if one gave them one after the other it is fine.[57]
Do You Need a Messenger?
Some poskim maintain that one should only send the mishloach manos with a shliach– messenger.[58] Most poskim maintain that one does not have to send it with a shliach, and one may deliver it by himself.[59] Nonetheless, one should send at least one set of mishloach manos with a messenger to go in accordance with all opinions.[60] One may send the mishloach manos through a young child or a goy.[61] Some say the reason why the mishloach manos recipient gives money to the young child when he delivers the mishloach manos is because this way the sender is assured that the child accomplished his shlichos.[62]
Who to Send It To?
One should send the mishloach manos to his friends since the posuk says “r’eyhu.” Some poskim maintain that one should not send the mishloach manos to someone that he does not get along with since he is not his r’eyhu.[63] Others maintain sending mishloach manos to someone you do not get along with is encouraged, since it will hopefully bring r’eyhus.[64] One’s Rebbe is considered a friend, and therefore, one may send mishloach manos to his Rebbe.[65] A person may send mishloach manos to his in-laws.[66] There is a discussion in the poskim whether if one sends mishloach manos to his parents is he yotzei the mitzvah .[67] It would seem that sending mishloach manos to them is a fulfillment of the mitzvah.[68] Many poskim maintain that one is not yotzei mishloach manos when sending to a child under bar-mitzvah.[69] A person’s wife is considered his friend and therefore one may send mishloach manos to her.[70]
A Mourner- A mourner has an obligation to send mishloach manos on Purim like everyone else.[71] A mourner who is within the year for his or her parents or a mourner who is within the shloshim of other relatives may not receive mishloach manos.[72] One may send mishloach manos to a mourner’s wife.[73] A Rav who is a mourner may still accept money on Purim which is usually given to him as an expression of hakaras hatov.[74] Some poskim maintain that the Rav should not be given food.[75] If one’s parent is a mourner, one may send them mishloach manos anyway.[76]
Being Yotzei Through A Seuda Etc.
One that hosts the seduas Purim for his family/friends may be yotzei the mitzvah of mishloach manos through this meal.[77] When one accepts mishloach manos it becomes his own personal property, and he can whatever he likes with it. For example; he may send what he received to someone else, and it is still considered as if he bought the mishloach manos.[78] Once the sender sent mishloach manos, it does not make a difference if the recipient used it at his meal, the sender was still yotzei his obligation.[79]
Arranging Mishloach Manos through a Store or Company
If one is unable to prepare his own mishlaoch manos and he arranges for an organization to prepare and send it for him, he was yotzei his mitzvah (see footnote).[80]
Different Scenarios
Sent It But Got Lost Or Stolen – if one sent mishloach manos and it was lost or stolen one was not yotzei and he must send it again.[81] It Was Sent Before Purim– according to some poskim if one sent mishloach manos before Purim and it was received on Purim one has fulfilled his obligation,[82] while others maintain that one was not yotzei.[83] The Recipient Is Mochel– if for some reason the recipient says he does not want the mishloach manos, the sender was not yotzei in his obligation.[84] Sent It Without A Name– if one sends mishloach manos and his name was not written on the package he was not yotzei his obligation.[85] Left It By The Door– it is very common for people to leave mishloach manos at the door when none is home. In this situation if the recipient plans on coming home before nightfall, the sender has fulfilled his obligation.[86] If One’s Wife Accepted The Mishloach Manos– in a situation where one’s wife accepted the mishloach manos on behalf of her husband the sender is only yotzei if the wife tells her husband that he received mishloach manos from this and this person.[87] (In all the above situations we are discussing if one is only sending mishloach manos to one person).[88]
[1] Gemorah Megilla 7a -7b, Rashi “shtei,” Tur, Shulchan Aruch 695:4.
[2] Achiezer 3:73.
[3] Simon 111 page 89 (new), Levush 695:4.
[4] 2:page:317 and 320, Chasam Sofer O.C. 196, Maharam Shik O.C. 341, both reasons are quoted in many of the poskim. Refer to the Bach 695, Levush 4, Aruch Ha’shulchan 13, Apirion page 107, Darchei Mussar page 310, Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:footnote 49, for additional reasons. There are numerous differences between the two reasons. (Refer to Zeved Tov pages 1-56 who lists 79 differences).
[5] Rosh Megilla 1:7, Rif page 6, Tur, Yosef Ometz 1099:page 240, Levush 4, Aruch Ha’shulchan 13, refer to Sifsei Chachumim Megilla page 100 (new), and Mikroei Kodesh Purim page 38:footnote 1 on why two manos. There is no concern of “soneh matanos yichyei” by mishloach manos (Moadim V’zemanim 2:186, see Naom 11:page 188).
[6] Rambam Hilchos Megillah 2:15, Levush 695:4, Aruch Ha’shulchan 15.
[7] Poskim. Refer to Piskei Teshuvos 695:footnote 49.
[8] Refer to Rashbah 1:18, Rambam Hilchos Berochos 11:2, Mikroei Kodesh Purim 40, Taamei Haminhagim 892, Shalmei Todah (Purim) pages 280-281. Some say the reason is because who knows if the recipient and the sender are really friends. (Sifsei Chachumim ibid). Some say reciting a beracha will lessen the love that is supposed to come about from sending mishloach manos (Rivevos Ephraim 4:173:9, Moadim V’zemanim 8:188, Be’er Sarim 4:76:6, see Serdei Eish 1:61, Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:footnote 15, Rivevos Ephraim 6:391). The Arugas Habosem O.C. 207:pages 177-177b says the reason is because we only recite a beracha on actions that we would not do if not for the mitzvah. For example, lulav or sitting in the succah these mitzvahs we would not perform if it not for Hashem who told us to do them. Giving presents is something everyone does all the time, therefore, it is not recognizable that we are doing it because it is mitzvah, therefore, no beracha is recited.
[9] Moadim V’zemanim 2:186, 8:186, Oz Nedberu 6:65. If one gives the mishloach manos to a shliach then he is permitted to eat according to this opinion (Moadim V’zemanim 2:186, Yemey HaPurim page 83). Refer to Orchos Rabbeinu 3:page 53:75.
[10] Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l said the reason is because the mitzvah of mishloach manos is set aside for the time of the seuda. See Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:9, Oz Nedberu ibid, Tzitz Eliezer 15:32:16, Betzel Hachuchma 6:81, Moadim V’zemanim 8:186, Toras Hamoadim pages 322-323, Yemey HaPurim pages 81-82. Some say one should perform mishloach manos before the seuda (Shraga Hameir 3:113, Mekadesh Yisroel 261). Some performed the mitzvah right after Shacharis (Toras Chaim page 108, Darchei Chaim V’Sholom 849).
[11] Avnei Yushfei 4:82:3.
[12] Lekutei Maharich (new) page 727, see Pri Megadim M.Z. 687:3.
[13] Eishel Avraham Butchatch 4, Piskei Teshuvos 694:footnote 4.
[14] Magen Avaraham 14, Sharei Teshuva 9.
[15] Darchei Moshe 695:7, Rav Akiva Eiger, Levush 4, Elya Rabbah 13, Sheilas Yaavetz 1:120:page 59b, 2:68:3:page 24, Mekor Chaim, Mishnah Berurah 25, Aruch Ha’shulchan 694:2, 695:18, Kaf Ha’chaim 53, Halichos Beisa 24:25.
[16] Darchei Moshe 695:7, Rama 695:4, Levush ibid, Aruch Ha’shulchan 18. Refer to Birchei Yosef 695:8. Some say in a school young girls and boys can give to each other (Asei Lechu Rav 6:page 353:58).
[17] Bais Shearim 380, Mekadesh Yisroel 232.
[18] Mekadesh Yisroel 263. Refer to Shevet Ha’Levi 9:147. A husband should tell his wife and unmarried daughter that he is giving mishloach manos on their behalf, or he should be maknei a mishloach manos to his wife and daughter and let them give to another woman. (Halichos Shlomo ibid 19:17:footnote 27).
[19] Halichos Shlomo ibid, Shalmei Moed pages 281-282, Halichos Beisa 24:footnote 55, he adds that we given for multiple people one has to give two minim for each person that he is giving for, see V’yalu Lo Yuvol 1:page 249:437 who says the opposite in the name of Horav Shlomo Zalman Aurbach zt”l, refer to Halichos Bas Yisroel 22:footnote 41.
[20] Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l.
[21] Pri Megadim Eishel Avraham 14, Rivevos Ephraim 7:212, Yalkut Yosef page 334, Mekadesh Yisroel 236.
[22] Kinyan Torah 1:132:1.
[23] Chanoch L’nar page 66:footnote 7.
[24] Aruch Ha’shulchan 694:2.
[25] Kinyan Torah 1:132:2, Mekadesh Yisroel ibid, Orchos Rabbeinu 3:pages 54-55.
[26] Darchei Moshe 695:7, Rama ibid, Aruch Ha’shulchan 16, Kaf Ha’chaim 50, Toras Hamoadim pages 307-308 in depth, Mekadesh Yisroel 259. One may not send it on Shabbos in a place that has an eiruv (Rivevos Ephraim 5:455:3).
[27] Rama 695: 4, Aruch Ha’shulchan 16, Natei Gavriel Purim 56:1:footnote 1 (new).
[28] Mishnah Berurah 22.
[29] Refer to Rambam Hilchos Megilla 2:15, Levush 4, Mekadesh Yisroel 337. The Moadim V’zemanim 8:186 maintains sending two pieces of meat from the same min is good.
[30] Aruch Ha’shulchan 14, Mekroei Kodesh Purim 38:pages 149-150, Divrei Chachumim 45:506 in the name of Horav Yaakov Kamenetsky zt”l, Tzitz Eliezer 14:65, 15:31, Avnei Yushfei 4:83, Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:footnote 20, see Elya Rabbah 9, some say one may send two types of meat as long as they taste different (Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:12, Toras Hamoadim page 294:footnote 4 in depth). Some say a top and bottom of a chicken are considered two minim. (Meor HaShabbos 3:40:3:page 465:footnote 67, Shalmei Moed page 286).
[31] Horav Yisroel Belsky Shlita.
[32] Horav Yisroel Belsky Shlita.
[33] Gemorah Megillah 7b, Terumas Hadesh 111, Darchei Moshe 695:7, Magen Avraham 11, Taz 4, Pri Chodesh 4, Eishel Avraham Butchatch 4, Chai Adom 155:31, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 142:2, Mishnah Berurah 19, Aruch Ha’shulchan 14, Kaf Ha’chaim 35, 39, Tzitz Eliezer 8:14:6, Yalkut Yosef pages 323-324. The drink should be a daver chashuv (Teshuvos V’hanhugos 3:236:3). One may send a lightly flavored drink (Halichos V’hanhugos (Purim) page 26). Some say one may not send seltzer (ibid). In regard to sending instant coffee etc. refer to Shalmei Todah (Purim) page 302.
[34] Refer to Piskei Teshuvos 695:footnote 61.
[35] Magen Avraham 11, Pri Megadim Eishel Avraham 11, Be’er Heitiv 7, Pri Chodesh 4, Elya Rabbah 9, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 142:2, Mekor Chaim, Chai Adom 155:31, Sdei Chemed Purim 6:page 428, Aruch Ha’shulchan 15, 17, Kaf Ha’chaim 35, Yechaveh Da’as 6:45, Yalkut Yosef page 318, Moadim V’zemanim 2:186, 188, Avnei Yushfei 1:133:5.
[36] Refer to Pri Megadim M.Z 4, Mishnah Berurah 19, Toras Hamodaim page 287.
[37] Rivevos Ephraim 6:397.
[38] Refer to Moadim V’zemanim 2:186, Toras Hamoadim 2:186, Yalkut Yosef page 321.
[39] Moadim V’zemanim 8:page 109.
[40] Kaf Ha’chaim 695:42, Toras Hamoadim page 300:footnote 7.
[41] Kaf Ha’chaim 48, Toras Hamoadim page 300, Yalkut Yosef page 331, V’yalu Lo Yuvol 1:page 250:438, see Chai Adom 155:31, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 142:2.
[42] Horav Yisroel Belsky Shlita.
[43] Ran Megillah page 6 “u’mishloach, Terumas Hadeshen ibid, Darchei Moshe 695:7, Shulchan Aruch 695:4, Taz 4, Turei E’ven Megillah page 43 (new), Mishnah Berurah 19, Kaf Ha’chaim 35, Sredei Aish 1:60, Yechaveh Da’as 6:45, Mekadesh Yisroel 232, Tzitz Eliezer 9:33:3, Yalkut Yosef page 321.
[44] Rivevos Ephraim 3:471:2, Yalkut Yosef page 321, Toras Hamoadim page 291, see Shraga Hameir 3:113, Natei Gavriel Purim pages 582-585. Refer to Noam 10:pages 282-283 who is lenient if one sent two seforim.
[45] Da’as Torah 695:4, Aruch Ha’shulchan 17, Toras Hamoadim page 291:footnote 3, Shalmei Todah (Purim) pages 299-300, see Halachos Ketanos 2:163:page 64 and the Be’er Heitiv 7 who seem to be lenient.
[46] Be’er Heitiv 7, Piskei Teshuvos 695:17.
[47] Refer to Ritvah Megilla, Rabbeinu Chananal Megillah ibid, Pri Megadim M.Z. 4, Eishel Avraham Butchatch 2, Birchei Yosef 695:4.
[48] Machzik Beracha 694:2, Sharei Teshuva 694:1, Natei Gavriel Puirm page 48:3 (new)
[49] Refer to Aruch Ha’shulchan 695:15.
[50] Yerushalmi Megillah 1:4, Ritvah (Kook) footnote 658, Yosef Ometz ibid, Sifsei Chachumim ibid, Chai Adom ibid, Birchei Yosef 695:4, Aruch Ha’shulchan 15, Birchei Yosef ibid, Sdei Chemed Purim 8:page 429, Kaf Ha’chaim 34, 40, Tzitz Eliezer 8:14, 14:65, Rivevos Ephraim 3:468:1, Avnei Yushfei 1:134:3, Moadim V’ezmanim 6:107, Shalmei Moed page 285, Toras Hamoadim page 304, Mekadesh Yisroel 238, Doleh U’mashka page 249, V’yalu Lo Yuvol 1:page 250:438. See Teshuvos V’hanhugos (2:354) who asks why people are not concerned and give food that is not chashuv.
[51] Horav Yisroel Belsky Shlita, see Mekadesh Yisroel 240, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 3:236:2.
[52] Many poskim are of the opinion that a person should give according to their wealth. (Ran ibid, Biur Halacha “chayiv,” Teshuvos V’hanhugos 3:237, Tzitz Eliezer 8:14:3-4, Yalkut Yosef page 328, Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:fotnote 19).
[53] Refer to Chuchmas Shlomo, Kinyan Torah 7:55:5, Toras Hamoadim pages 303-303, V’yalu Lo Yuvol 1:page 248:435, Noam 10:pages 278-281, Shalmei Moed ibid, Yemey HaPurim page 79. See Rivevos Ephraim 1:459:3 if one eats glatt kosher meat and sends to someone non-glatt meat.
[54] Kinyan Torah ibid, Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:11, Shalmei Moed page 286, Piskei Teshuvos 695:footnote 105, Nishmas Avraham 694:1, Shalmei Todah (Purim) page 303. If one is fleshig and he receives milk was the sender yotzei his obligation (Refer to Rivevos Ephraim 6:397). In regard to sending to a sick person who cannot eat refer to Mekroei Kodesh Purim 38, Kinyan Torah 3:103, Rivevos Ephraim 2:189:9, 6:398, Be’er Sarim 2:23. In regard to sending food that was found to be treif refer to ChelkesYaakov 1:233.
[55] Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:footntoe 36, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 2:346, Tzitz Eliezer 8:14:6, 15:31:3, Shevet Ha’Levi 3:96:4, Shevet Ha’Kehusi 4:187, Piskei Teshuvos 695:13:footnote 71, Halichos Olom 1:page 234:11, 235:11, Shalmei Todah (Purim) page 296:3. Others maintain that one should give the two manos in two different utensils. (Ben Ish Chai Tzeavah/Purim 16, Torah L’shma 189, Yalkut Yosef pages 330-331).
[56] Kaf Ha’chaim 36, Toras Hamoadim page 306, Yalkut Yosef pages 329-330, Betzel Hachuchma 2:46. The Kaf Ha’chaim ibid says that one should say leshem yichud before giving mishloach manos.
[57] Orchos Chaim (Spinka) 11, Mekroei Kodesh Purim 38:page 149, Betzel Hachuchma 2:46, Toras Hamoadim page 306:footnote 11,
[58] Chasam Sofer Mesechtas Gittin 22b “v’hla,” Binyan Tzion 1:44, Mishnah Berurah 18, Kaf Ha’chaim 41, Oz Nedberu 5:40 in footnote, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 2:346, see Divrei Yoel Y.D. 64.
[59] Darchei Moshe 695:7, Pri Megadim M.Z. 5, Eishel Avraham Butchatch 2, Sdei Chemed Purim 6:page 429, Ha’elef Lecha Shlomo 383, Yad Ha’Levi O.C. 118, Mishnah Berurah is not machria, Kaf Ha’chaim ibid, Salmas Chaim 276 (old), Toras Chaim 2:page 108:2, Rivevos Ephraim 1:459:4, 4:246, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 1:407:1, 2:346, Mekadsh Yisroel 234, Shalmei Moed page 282, Mevakshei Torah 1:page 141 in the name of the Chazzon Ish, 3:pages 155-156, Orchos Rabbeinu 3:page 53:76, Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:footnote 44, Oz Nedberu 5:40, Avnei Yushfei 1:133:4, Halichos Beisa 24:footnote 62. Refer to Devar Avraham 1:13:4, 2:8, 27:5.
[60] Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l. Refer to Madanei Shlomo Moadim page 120.
[61] Piskei Teshuva 1:148:page 68, Salmas Chaim ibid, Toras Homoadim page 319, Chelkes Yaakov 1:102, Rivevos Ephraim 1:459:4, Teshuvos V”hanhugos 1:407:1, Mevakshei Torah 3:page 155, Mekadesh Yisroel 233.
[62] Poskim.
[63] Orchos Chaim Spinka 14, Kinyan Torah 7:55:4, Mekadesh Yisroel 256.
[64] Pela Yoetz Purim page 481 (new). Refer to Shraga Hameir 8:77:3. Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l maintains if a person had a run in with someone, and the mishloach manos would help restore the friendship it is called r’eyhus because it revives the r’eyhus.
[65] Refer to Gemorah Megillah 7b, Yehuda Yaleh 204, Levushei Mordechai 2:9, Mekroei Kodesh 39:2, Kinyan Torah 7:55:4, Shearim Metzuyanim B’Halacha Megilla ibid, Toras Hamoadim page 316, Yalkut Yosef page 332, Tzitz Eliezer 8:14:5, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 3:236:1, Divrei Shalom 3:130, 6:388:page 315.
[66] Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l Refer to Orchos Rabbeinu 3:page 54:81.
[67] Refer to Levushei Mordechai 2:9, Tzitz Eliezer 8:14:5, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 3:236:1, Yalkut Yosef page 332.
[68] Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l. Refer to Divrei Shalom 6:388.
[69] Eishel Avraham Butchatch 4, Ben Ish Chai Tzeavah Purim 1:16, Kaf Ha’chaim 694:12, Toras Hamoadim page 316, Yalkut Yosef page 336, Rivevos Ephraim 7:212, see Aruch Ha’shulchan 18, Chanoch L’nar 27:5 who are lenient. Refer to Rivevos Ephraim 3:466.
[70] Refer to Mekadesh Yisroel 242, Shalmei Todah (Purim) page 290.
[71] Shulchan Aruch 696:6, Aruch Ha’shulchan 8, see Toras Hamoadim pages 279-281. The Magen Avraham 11 says the mourner should not send objects which bring happiness. (Refer to Mishnah Berurah 19). The custom of the Sefardim is to give mishloach manos to a mourner (refer to Toras Hamoadim pages 279). Refer to Halichos Olom 1:page 237:13.
[72] Rama 6, Mishnah Berurah 20, Aruch Ha’shulchan 8-9, see Natei Gavriel Purim pages 543-547 in depth. If one sent it to a mourner, the mourner does not have to reciprocate. (Kesav Sofer 141:page 130b (old), Natei Gavriel Aveilus 2:35:9:footnote 19 old).
[73] Pnei Boruch 29:footnote 71 quoting the opinion of Horav Elyashiv zt”l. Some say this is only permitted if the sender is a woman who is the friend of the mourners wife, if not it looks like a trick is being done in order to give mishloach manos to the mourner. (Teshuvos V’hanhugos 1:692).
[74] Divrei Malkiel 5:237, Mivakshei Torah 3:page 187.
[75] Teshuvos V’hanhugos 1:692.
[76] Shevet Ha’kehusi 4:188, Natei Gavriel Aveilus 2:23:10:footnote 20 (old).
[77] Refer to Gemorah Megilla 7b, Rashi “machlifo,” Maharsha, Rif ibid, Rambam Hilchos Megilla 2:15, Tur, Bais Yosef, Shulchan Aruch ibid, see Taz 5, Teshuvos V’hanhugos 2:356, Minchas Yitzchok 6:79. The Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:16 says that bochurim eating a meal in Yeshiva may give their meal to each other and each one is yotzei his obligation of mishloach manos. However, he adds (footnote 49) that it has to be recognizable that the food was the senders before the sender sent it. (Refer to Shalmei Moed page 285).
[78] Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l
[79] Horav Yisroel Belsky zt”l.
[80] Teshuvos V’hanhugos 1:406, Halichos Shlomo Moadim 19:14:footnote 22, Shalmei Todah (Purim) pages 278-280. This is even if one did not pay for it yet (Shalmei Moed page 286).
[81] Aruch Ha’shulchan 16, Kaf Ha’chaim 43,45, Toras Hamoadim page 310, Mekadesh Yisroel 246, Yalkut Yosef page 337, Divrei Shalom 6:172:page 290. See Eishel Avraham Butchatch 4, Rivevos Ephraim 7:212, Sdei Chemed Purim 6:pages 428-429, Birchei Yosef 695:6. Refer to Be’er Sarim 4:77.
[82] Refer to Torah L’shma 188, Yehuda Yaleh 207, Mikroei Kodesh Purim 45, Yechaveh Da’as 4:40, Toras Hamoadim pages 307-308, Shraga Hameir 3:112. If it was received before Purim some say one is yotzei if he does not eat it, and he has in mind not to be koneh it until tomorrow (Pri Megadim Eishel Avraham 13, Avnei Yushfei 1:134:1).
[83] Aruch Ha’shulchan 17, Chelkes Yaakov 1:102, Levushei Mordechai 1:108.
[84] Korbon Nesanel Megilla 1:9, Darchei Moshe 695:7, Pri Chodesh 4, Chasam Sofer O.C. 196, Mishnah Berurah 24, Yalkut Yosef page 336, Mekadesh Yisroel 268, See Rama 695:4, Maharam Shik 341, Bais Shearim 380, Aruch Ha’shulchan 16, Toras Hamoadim page 315 who are lenient.
[85] Rivevos Ephraim 4:176, 6:391, Mekadesh Yisroel 244, Avnei Yushfei 1:134:2, Toras Hamoadim page 314:footntote 18, see Kesav Sofer 141:2, Bais Avi 4:40, Doleh U’mashka page 250. One should always find out who sent the mishloach manos. (Shalmei Moed pages 283-284).
[86] Refer to Aruch Ha’shulchan 16, Moadim V’zemanim 2:186, Mekadesh Yisroel 243.
[87] Aruch Ha’shulchan 16,
[88] Refer to Yalkut Yosef page 331. In regard to a borrower sending mishloach manos to the one he borrowed money from refer to Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 160:6-7, Mishnas Ribbis 3:footnote 18, Mishpat Ribbis page 44, Parshas Ribbis 3:13, Bris Yehuda (Ikar Dinnim) 10:footnote 72, Yemey HaPurim page 80.
Join the official YWN WhatsApp status
One Response
RE: The minhag seems to be to send cake and chocolate as mishloach manos.[52]
What a rediculous statement. Who’s minhag? Never heard or observed any such minhag. And “Source 52” that you noote has nothing to do with this supposed minhag.
Just because some people send cake and chocolate out of convenience or desire – does not a minhag make.