A dismal start for the stock market this year has pushed its major indexes into what is known as a “correction,” or decline of 10 percent or more from a recent peak. Here are some common questions asked about corrections and what they mean to investors:

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WHAT IS A STOCK MARKET CORRECTION?

A “correction” is a Wall Street term for when an index like the S&P 500 or the Nasdaq — or an individual stock — falls 10 percent from its most-recent high. The S&P 500, the index that investors pay most attention to, fell 48 points Wednesday to 1,890, which is 10.4 percent below a recent high of 2,109 set on November 3 and 11.3 percent from its record high of 2,130 set on May 21.

A correction is not the same as a bear market, which is defined as when a stock index or individual stock falls 20 percent from its most-recent peak.

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IS THE ENTIRE STOCK MARKET IN A CORRECTION?

Not every individual stock is in a correction, but the three major indexes are. The Dow Jones industrial average, comprised of 30 stocks, fell 364 points on Wednesday to 16,151, that’s 9.9 percent below its November 3 peak and 11.8 percent below its record high of 18,312 set on May 19.

The Nasdaq, a technology-dominated index that far outperformed the other two major indexes in 2015, is lagging the other indexes this year. On Wednesday it fell 159 points to 4,526. That’s 12.2 percent below its recent peak on December 2 and 13.3 percent below its record high of 5,218 set on July 20.

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WHEN WAS THE LAST TIME WE HAD A CORRECTION?

The U.S. stock market entered into its last correction in August. That correction, much like this one, was sparked by financial turmoil in China.

Chinese stock markets have been extremely volatile in recent months, rising to record highs and then plummeting on worries about policy changes, slowing economic growth and a weaker currency. While U.S. investors are not exposed to those stock markets directly, China has been the engine of global economic growth since the financial crisis and weakness there concerns investors everywhere.

Those concerns have had an outsized effect on prices of oil and other commodities because China is such a big consumer, and energy companies have led markets lower in recent weeks.

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ARE CORRECTIONS A NORMAL THING FOR THE MARKET?

Stock market corrections have historically happened every 18 months. The August correction was the first in nearly 4 years, an unusually long gap. Even the most bullish of market strategists say a correction is ultimately healthy for a market because it removes some of the froth and speculation, and allows investors to buy stocks at more reasonable prices.

(AP)