benignuman

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  • in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212069
    benignuman
    Participant

    GAW,

    In those days everyone would wear different clothing when they were Niddos. People needed to know for tumah and tahara. See, e.g., Kiddushin 80a, Rashi d”h ?????? ??? ?????????. Therefore there would have been no additional embarrassment.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212067
    benignuman
    Participant

    GAW,

    I hear your chiluk. Maybe that works. I will think about it.

    It is Time,

    The girls going out on Tu B’A (and Yom Kippur) were presumably penuyos tohoros (because in those days even single girls were toivel), which our girls are not. The gezeira only applies to arayos.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212066
    benignuman
    Participant

    “If: A. Schok = having fun in a non-platonic manner

    and B. A date by definition is non-platonic.

    Then,C: it can’t be assur to have “schok” on a date.”

    C does not follow from the premises A & B. Creating a non-platonic relationship is not the issur. The gezeira is having fun/playing together in a non-platonic way or flirting because such activities are ??????? ?????.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212052
    benignuman
    Participant

    GAW,

    It seems to me that dating by definition is non-platonic activity. The whole purpose of dating is to find someone to marry and to create a non-platonic relationship. I agree that fun does not equal ????, but playing together in the context of dating does.

    I don’t know where the teshuva is off-hand. If I have time I will look it up tonight.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212049
    benignuman
    Participant

    I am understanding “???? and ???? ???” as meaning flirtatious talking or behavior (???? ???) and playing or having fun in a non-platonic manner (“????”).

    I am sourcing it primarily from the meforshim on Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh Deah 195:1 and Avos 3:13 and Rabbeinu Yonah thereon. My understanding of kalos rosh also comes from the way Rav Moshe uses it when discussing the need for a mechitza.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212047
    benignuman
    Participant

    BigGolem,

    I should make clear that my issue is not with the venues themselves as much as what dates do at those venues. Theoretically, one could just walk around Chelsea Piers and have serious conversations without playing together. But normally the dates play together at these venues (and others) in order to have fun and laugh together; which is forbidden by Chazal.

    I don’t think that most boys even know that this is problem. Very few Yeshiva bochurim have ever learned Even HaEzer 21:1 and/or realized that the girls they are dating have the status of arayos. Remember, they don’t usually learn hilchos niddah until after they are engaged.

    in reply to: Popa's Retardedly Retarded Mad Libs Thread #1200612
    benignuman
    Participant

    I am not offended.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212043
    benignuman
    Participant

    WinnieThePooh,

    Once against “tznius” is not the right word to use here. A Rosh Yeshiva, if he knew what those places are, would not tell a talmud it was mutar because the whole purpose of such places is schok, which is asur to engage in with the girl.

    You might be right that he would also tell him that it is not the right environment for a Yeshiva boy altogether (although that is a “grey area”), but from the fact that so many Yeshiva boys, from top yeshivos, take girls there on dates, tells you that either the Rosh Yeshiva don’t know what these places are, don’t know that their boys are going there, or are looking the other way because of “mutav sheyiyu shogagim.”

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212042
    benignuman
    Participant

    Person 1,

    I would recommend looking up the Shulchan Aruch, and the Rambam it is based on to see if you pshat in “schok and kalus rosh” works. Additionally, the same terminology is used by ???? ???, which is certainly not a forbidden relationship.

    Lilmod,

    Not talking to women more than necessary is based on the Mishna in Avos “Al tarbeh sicha im ha’isha.” But that, like many things in Avos, is understood as a midas chasidus or good religious advice. It is not brought down in halacha and is, as you said a “grey area.” Schok and Kalus Rosh are types of talking/playing/interacting that are forbidden with arayos. While there is some grey on the margins of what is considered Schok and Kalus Rosh, it seems to me that many boys dating even from good yeshivos go well over the grey line into clearly prohibited areas.

    Dave & Busters is an arcade/bar/poolhall for classier clientel then a typical arcade/bar/poolhall.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212022
    benignuman
    Participant

    WinniethePooh,

    That is a good question. Maybe there is someone big out there who has declared a horaas shoh that everyone is relying on. But I suspect that the Roshei Yeshiva do not know what goes on typical dates (outside of the very Yeshivish) after the first one or two. I have hard time believing that any Rosh Yeshiva would tell his talmid that it is mutar to take a girl to Dave & Busters or Chelsea Piers. When I was in the parsha it never even occurred to me to ask.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212020
    benignuman
    Participant

    Joseph,

    Yes, I agree that is preferable. I don’t think it is mandatory because I think that there is median between modern dating in the Yeshiva world and the Chasidish model that is mutar.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1212016
    benignuman
    Participant

    “One thing that is bothering me about this conversation: If it’s untznius for people to go out more than a handful of times, or to have more casual dates (even though it’s for toeles), why is it okay for men to be talking to women online (and telling them that the way they date is untznius).”

    Lilmod,

    I don’t mean to pick on you but one of my pet peeves about words like “tznius” and the overly broad way they are used in our circles is that it obfuscates what is “grey area” as you put it, and what is black on white halacha pesuka. Schok and Kalus rosh with arayos is a gezeira d’rabbanan for which the punishment is lashes (makos mardos).

    Talking to women online in a manner that is not schok or kalus rosh is not forbidden by a gezeira. It might be in some circumstances and among some communities “untzniusdik” according to their standards. But that sort of “tznius” is an organic concept of Daas Yehudis, something that fluctuates and changes with the time and place. The two cannot be compared.

    Just because you feel it is necessary for singles to engage in schok and kalus rosh is insufficient to be mevatel a gezeiras chazal. It would take very broad shoulders to declare a horaas shoh.

    in reply to: Women on a higher level #1198209
    benignuman
    Participant

    Lilmod,

    The Mishna uses the term ?????? for the men coming before women, it does not use that term for Kohanim coming before Yisroel. Furthermore, the Shulchan Aruch only brings down a Kohen coming before a Yisroel for tzedaka, it doesn’t say anything about for saving a life.

    Now, there is a machlokes among the Rishonim whether ?????? means for saving a life or for providing tzedaka. But the Rema clearly paskens that a man comes before a women if they are both drowning. The Yerushalmi on that Mishna says specifically that the wife of a “Chaver” (roughly equivalent to a “ben Torah”) comes before an am ha’aretz ??????.

    in reply to: Is Dating Tznius? #1211998
    benignuman
    Participant

    (I have not read the this entire thread so maybe this has already been said)

    The issue with dating is not one of “tznius,” it is one of halacha. Unfortunately, we no longer maintain tahara for terumos, chalah, or eating chullin. As such all of our unmarried girls are ervos d’oraisa (???). It is clear halacha in the Shulchan Aruch that one is not allowed to laugh/play with ????? or be lightheaded/frivilous/flirtatious with ?????. Shulchan Aruch, Even HaEzer 21:1.

    The Shulchan Aruch does say that it is mutar to stare at a ????? to decide whether you would like to marry her. Even assuming that this is not referring to a penuyah tahorah, this heter is limited to histaklus. There is no heter for ???? and ???? ???. And yet, this is what goes on on most dates after the first (assuming things are “going well”).

    Finally, even if one argues that nowadays we need to extend the heter of Chazal to ???? and ???? ??? (which I don’t see how we could do, lacking a Sanhedrin), there is no basis for allowing such things once the young couple have made a decision to get married. How is it that young couples continue to date when they “unofficially” and “officially” engaged?

    in reply to: Women on a higher level #1198207
    benignuman
    Participant

    Joseph,

    No, a Kohen is not by default on a higher spiritual level than a Yisroel. The priority of a Kohen before a Yisroel is because of the kavod that Hashem requires we give the Kehuna. So all things being equal we give kavod to the Kohen but if we know that the Yisroel is a greater talmud chochom, the Yisroel comes first because the kavod HaTorah comes first.

    That being said, I don’t think you are correct that we necessarily save the life of a Kohen first. The Mishna in Horios that I think you are referring to, is talking about kedima in tzedaka or kavod. See Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh Deah 351:9.

    In the case of a woman and a man, when it comes to tzedakah the Shulchan Aruch paskens that the woman has kadimah. (Yoreh Deah 351:8) When it comes to hatzalas nefoshos, the Rema paskens that the man comes first (Yoreh Deah 352:8). The meforshim explain that this is because a man has more mitzvos than a woman (i.e. the greater potential of the man wins out over the higher floor of the woman). But if one knew that the woman was righteous and the man was not, b’pashtus the woman would come first. See Yerushalmi Horiyos 3:4.

    in reply to: Women on a higher level #1198192
    benignuman
    Participant

    On the other hand, it is incorrect to say that it is better to be a boy, objectively speaking, because of the brocha of Shelo Asani Isha. That does not follow logically. All that brocha tells you is that it is better for the BOY TO BE A BOY.

    Obviously, Hashem chooses which neshomos to become boys and which neshomos to become girls. The boy neshomos are made that the better circumstance for them is the one where they have greater potential for good but also greater potential for bad. The girl neshomos are made that the better circumstance for them is the one where they have an easier time achieving good but less variance.

    In short, it is better for boys to be boys and it is better for girls to be girls.

    in reply to: Women on a higher level #1198190
    benignuman
    Participant

    The following should be obvious:

    Men are not on a higher spiritual level than women; women are not on a higher spiritual level than men. One’s spiritual level depends on one’s personal choices in the test of life. It is purely individual and cannot be assigned on a category level.

    Having more mitzvos means that generally speaking men have greater potential than women both for good and for bad. When the Gemara says that women have a more secure promise for Olam Haba than men it is specifically because generally speaking it is easier for a woman to fulfill what Hashem wants from her than a man, not because women are born “better.”

    in reply to: Who was the worst President of your lifetime? #1197246
    benignuman
    Participant

    yehudayona,

    The Vietnam War ended with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords in January of 1973. The US then pulled out their entire fighting force and the vast bulk of their people. When it became clear that Nixon was going down due to Watergate, Congress passed legislation forbidding the President from intervening in Vietnam without Congress’ advance approval. Seeing this, and after having time to recover from military losses, North Vietnam broke the Peace Accords over two years after signing them and re-invaded South Vietnam in 1975 (the Viet Cong started fighting again 1974).

    Without Nixon and US military help South Vietnam fell relatively quickly to the North and Ford ordered the evacuation of US personnel in South Vietnam.

    If not for Watergate, history would remember the Vietnam War as a US victory, albeit at great cost, ending in 1973.

    in reply to: Women on a higher level #1198162
    benignuman
    Participant

    Joseph,

    1. We make the bracha of shelo asani isha because men should be thankful for the opportunity to gain greater heights than women through the increased mitzvos and Torah obligations we have.

    2. The Gemara in Berachos 17a fits beautifully with what I am saying. The Gemara says that the havtacha for women to gain Olam Hamba is greater than for men. Why? The mother brings her children to cheder and gets schar, she sends her husband to learn and she gets schar. But the men only get the schar if they actually learn and they lose schar when they battel. It is easier for the ordinary woman to bring her sons/husband to learn Torah than it is for the ordinary son/husban to learn properly.

    in reply to: Women on a higher level #1198159
    benignuman
    Participant

    It is not that all women are on a higher spiritual plane than all men. Women have an easier time earning olam haba than men because their floor is lower and they have less variance in spiritual achievement.

    Mashal l’ma hadavar doma:

    Women are like professionals, doctors and lawyers. The average doctor or lawyer will have a pretty decent salary and the top doctors an lawyers will have a fantastic salary.

    Men are like businessmen and entrepeneurs. On average they will earn less than the doctor or the lawyer. But the best will far out-earn the top doctors and lawyers while the worst go bankrupt.

    More mitzvos means more opportunity to grow and gain spiritually but it also means more opportunity to fail and fall.

    in reply to: Who was the worst President of your lifetime? #1197213
    benignuman
    Participant

    Daas Yochid,

    That Christie line made me smile. Thanks.

    in reply to: Who was the worst President of your lifetime? #1197195
    benignuman
    Participant

    CTLawyer,

    The idea that Eisenhower didn’t accomplish anything in his presidency is laughable. The irony is that you can make the exact same argument for Eisenhower as you made for Clinton, economic prosperity and economic improvement in all income classes. In fact Clinton described himself and his administration as “Eisenhower Republicans”!

    Read “The Hidden Hand Presidency” to get an appreciation for the President that ended the Korean War, enforced desegregation, kept inflation near zero, didn’t run up the debt but still enhanced the US military and the Nuclear Arsenal, and created the strategy of nuclear deterrence, among many other accomplishments.

    in reply to: Who was the worst President of your lifetime? #1197194
    benignuman
    Participant

    On the other hand, Nixon’s bombing of Cambodia also help end the Vietnam War saving thousands of American lives. Nixon bombed Cambodia because the North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong had been using Cambodia as a “safe zone” where they would flee to recover and rearm knowing that the Americans wouldn’t bomb them there (and even attack American and South Vietnamese Troops from Cambodian soil). The Americans bombed the North Vietnamese that were in Cambodia, not the entire country. The lack of Cambodian safe zone and the bombing of Ho Chi Mihn City helped bring North Vietnam to the negotiating table to sign the Paris Peace Accords in early 1973.

    To say that the bombing of Cambodia “led to the rise of Khmer Rouge” is historical speculation. Khmer Rouge pre-existed the bombing and received direct help from the North Vietnamese in overthrowing the government. Arguably, the opposite is true. If Nixon hadn’t been under investigation because of Watergate and hadn’t been frustrated by Congress with the Case-Church amendment, Nixon would have prevented Khmer Rouge from taking Cambodia. There is simply no way to know one way or the other.

    While Nixon certainly had some classic Anti-semitic prejudices, he also saved the state of Israel and millions of Jewish lives by re-arming the Israeli Defense Forces in the middle of the Yom Kippur War.

    in reply to: Who was the worst President of your lifetime? #1197186
    benignuman
    Participant

    Best in my lifetime is probably Reagan with Clinton a close second.

    in reply to: Who was the worst President of your lifetime? #1197185
    benignuman
    Participant

    George W. Bush was the worst in my lifetime, despite being a good man. The Iraq War was the worst mistake of his presidency, but by no means the only mistake. Allowing Feddie and Fannie to help perpetuate the housing bubble, creating new entitlements and running up the debt, and the Patriot Act are additional misguided, albeit well-intentioned, Bush errors.

    in reply to: The Real Number 1 Anti-Semite in the US #1193643
    benignuman
    Participant

    The number 1 anti-semite in the United States is probably David Duke.

    in reply to: Converting to Judaism, how do I explain to family about Xmas? #1193149
    benignuman
    Participant

    Joseph,

    I am not disputing that Yushke (as described in the Gospels) is a rasha. At the very least he went against the Chachomim of the time. However there is a potential charitable view of him in which most of the rishus came from his followers after his death. They believed that Yushke claimed himself to be divine (which would be Avoda Zara) but it isn’t clear that Yushke actually did that. It was also his followers after his death that said a person no longer needed to keep the Torah. Yushke himself said the opposite. In this perspective, Yushke is just another Jew who taught and encouraged the poor and the downtrodden, who was deified after his death by his flock.

    I am not saying that the Gospels are perfectly accurate but the earliest New Testament writings are written only about 20-30 years after Yushke’s death when his original disciples were still living. It doesn’t seem likely that the details could be so off.

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191855
    benignuman
    Participant

    Health,

    I am not sure if you are understanding what I am writing. Halachically, for Jews, there are many circumstances (including within 40 days of conception which I think would apply to non-Jews as well) in which abortion may be permitted (and some where it is required) according to many poskim. A federal law banning abortion except in life-threatening would apply nationally and would effect the Jewish population in every state. I would not want the Jews to be prevented from the option of an abortion in situations where it would be mutar.

    Therefore, giving the issue back to the States to decide would be the best solution. If, chas v’shalom, someone was in a situation where they needed an abortion, they could always travel to one of the lenient states.

    in reply to: Orthodox Jews Overwhelmingly Voted for Trump #1193590
    benignuman
    Participant

    I saw a poll being reported that overall (i.e. across the country) Orthodox Jews voted 56% for Hillary.

    I wonder how that squares with this. Maybe in-town vs. out-of-town or ultra-Orthodox vs. Orthodox.

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191853
    benignuman
    Participant

    Lilmod,

    Those poskim that hold that abortion is mutar in situations such as mamzeirus or severe genetic illness do not hold this way because of the emotional health of the mother qualifying as life-threatening. They don’t require there to be any danger to the mother for abortion to be permitted.

    Rav Moshe paskens like the Rambam that abortion is retzicha. Rav Moshe is therefore very machmir on this issue. Other poskim, most prominently the Tzitz Eliezer, pasken like Rashi and Tosafos that abortion is not retzicha (the exact nature of the issur is a lengthy discussion).

    Hopefully, none of us will ever be in a situation where they have to ask such a shaila. But if, G-d forbid, someone is in such a situation, it is important that they know that there is a shaila to ask.

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191852
    benignuman
    Participant

    Health!

    Fortunately, I do know what I am talking about. And I was talking about Jews. Do you think the States are going to make laws that only apply to non-Jews? If they ban abortion, it will apply to Jews as well.

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191840
    benignuman
    Participant

    Health!,

    Whether or not abortion is asur (outside of risk to the mother life) is a machlokes Rishonim, Acharonim and modern-day poskim. According to many there are other instances where abortion would be mutar besides for a risk to the life of the mother (e.g. mamzeirus, debilitating illness/disabilities).

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191839
    benignuman
    Participant

    I don’t think the question is whether you view healthcare as a privilege or a necessity. I view it as both.

    Being provided healthcare when needed is a necessity in the sense that it is necessary for you to live. Under US law a person cannot be refused needed medical care at an emergency room.

    But health insurance is privilege. You must be treated but you will receive a bill afterward. Not paying your bill is not a necessity and no one else can be morally required to pay your bill for you.

    All that being said, I actually support Medicaid for all (aka single payer) along the lines of the Israeli model (the Canadian model is not as good). The quality of care will decrease but people who want higher quality of care can pay out of pocket for better doctors or better insurance. I support this, not because it is a necessity or a right, but because the US is a rich enough country to provide it and why shouldn’t they. The US will spend billions of dollars to rescue US citizens being held hostage by a terrorist group. But if the same citizens are dying of cancer, the US shouldn’t pay millions to save them?

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191822
    benignuman
    Participant

    Zahavasdad,

    NY might have been the first that permitted it outright. Other states allowed in some circumstances. Also in the years before the decision a lot of states started “reforming” their abortion laws (something cited in the decision itself), to give women more access to abortion in more circumstances.

    in reply to: "Not to be taken literally" #1191608
    benignuman
    Participant

    Flatbusher,

    Until the advent of Soncino, the unlearned did not learn Gemara at all and would not have been capable of reading an agadata Gemara to misunderstand it. Gemara has always been meant to be learned from a Rebbi. Modern times has seen the introduction of Artscroll and other “cheating” seforim, but they are usually careful to point out when agadata’s are clearly not literal.

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191816
    benignuman
    Participant

    CTL Lawyer,

    That is incorrect. Prior to Roe v. Wade the legality of abortion was left to the States. Some states permitted abortion and some states banned it and some states were in between. The majority of states outlawed it outside of risk to the mother’s health but there were states that one could visit to get an abortion.

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191786
    benignuman
    Participant

    My estimate of the people covered by insurance that they purchase through their employment (often subsidized to some degree by their employer) was not including those that were already getting their healthcare from Medicare or Medicaid before the ACA.

    My premiums have gone up but not at a pace that seems outrageous. The increase in deductibles, co-pays and co-insurance, however, have been terrible. I am now paying over 1,700 a month (employer pays the rest) for incomplete coverage and what amounts to a high-deductible plan (compared to my deductibles of 4 years ago.

    in reply to: Watching the country fall #1191155
    benignuman
    Participant

    Joseph,

    He did after some pressure and in a tepid enough manner that Duke and his chevra believed that the denouncement was just empty words to please the media and Republicans.

    in reply to: Converting to Judaism, how do I explain to family about Xmas? #1193132
    benignuman
    Participant

    First of all it is not at all clear that the person mentioned in the Gemara that some meforshim understand as a reference to Jesus, is actually talking about the same person that Christians worship. The details of his life as described in the Gemara are widely off that of the Gospels, such that the Yeshu of the Gemara lived nearly 100 years earlier. There is a good chance that they are not the same person and it is a mistake to attribute the activities of one to the other.

    Second of all, the “Sanhedrin” that condemned him to death was not the real Sanhedrin (which had already moved to Yavne 50 years before the destruction of Bais Sheini). It was a Tzeduki Sanhedrin (i.e. made up of apikorsim) that had no halachic legitimacy at all (and probably were just doing what they thought the Romans wanted).

    in reply to: Converting to Judaism, how do I explain to family about Xmas? #1193125
    benignuman
    Participant

    There is a website called simpletoremember.com that has a lot of articles and classes on the Orthodox perspective on Jesus.

    I would recommend “The Real Messiah” by Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan A”H. It is available for free on that website (or just google the real messiah simple to remember).

    in reply to: Watching the country fall #1191151
    benignuman
    Participant

    Joseph,

    I do not think he is on their side. However I do think that he is deliberately not trying hard to disabuse them of their notion. In addition, the very fact that they believe it and are emboldened by his victory disgusts me.

    in reply to: Justice Antonin Scalia #1191124
    benignuman
    Participant

    Joseph,

    He did do that, but Trump keeping a pledge is not something I would hang my hat on.

    PBA,

    How many conservative ideologue judges are there? If they just rubber stamp government positions it will be tragic.

    in reply to: Obamacare today in the jewish world #1191775
    benignuman
    Participant

    Obamacare has mailos and chesronos. Unfortunately the mailos and chesronos are tied to each other so that you can’t get one without the other (e.g. covering pre-existing conditions requires a mandate).

    If you do not have insurance through your employment and if your income is low enough, then Obamacare makes you better off.

    If you have insurance through your employment or if your income is relatively high, then Obamacare leaves you worse off. My health insurance costs through my employment have increased every year since the ACA went into effect and the coverage has gone down (i.e. higher deductables, higher co-pays, higher-co-insurance).

    Overall, more people have been hurt by Obamacare than gained from it (because 70% or so get their insurance through their employment) but the hurt has been relatively minor to the gains.

    In short, repealing Obamacare will help more people a little and hurt fewer people a lot.

    in reply to: Watching the country fall #1191148
    benignuman
    Participant

    I think most frum Jewish supporters of Trump have convinced themselves that David Duke and the alt-right are just mistaken in their belief that Trump is on their side.

    in reply to: Do you think Jewish men should start practicing polygamy again? #1191004
    benignuman
    Participant

    As Comlink-X said:

    Virgin Birth: The birth of Yoshke without his father making contact with his mother.

    Immaculate Conception: the conception of Mary (Yoshke’s mother) without the spiritual stain of the “original sin” (i.e. Adam and Chava eating from the Etz HaDas).

    in reply to: Justice Antonin Scalia #1191121
    benignuman
    Participant

    Ginsburg and Breyer will not retire while Trump is President. Trump will only get to replace them if they die. Also, assuming the Trump will nominate originalists is tenuous.

    in reply to: "Not to be taken literally" #1191600
    benignuman
    Participant

    Lilmod,

    I knew you meant midrashei aggada and not all midrashim. I was responding that even things you might call midrashei aggada are sometimes meant literally to explain parts of the Torah. If you don’t like the Ur Kasdim example, another example would be the midrash that the 70th person to go down to Mitzrayim was Yocheved who was born in the gates. This is a midrash meant to explain the calculations of people in the pesukim. It isn’t about some deeper meaning about Yocheved or Levi.

    in reply to: "Not to be taken literally" #1191599
    benignuman
    Participant

    Flatbusher,

    I think the answer that I and others have given explains why Chazal hid sisrei torah in divrei aggada that were not meant to be taken literally. There are 3 types of aggadata:

    1. Aggadata meant to be taken entirely literally as a statements of pshat in posuk or historical fact.

    2. Aggadata meant to be taken entirely metaphorically to teach hidden aspects of the Torah or to make a rhetorical point.

    3. Aggadata that has both a simple literally true meaning and a deaper hidden meaning.

    The only issue is how you know what kind of aggadata you are looking at. The first step is to look at the Rishonim (who had a kabalah of how to understand specific sugyas) and see how they interpret the aggada. The second step is to find a Rebbi that can teach you aggadata and how to tell if something is literal or not. You can then learn the various “tells” in an aggadic passage that give away whether it is meant literally or not. For example an aggadata that contradicts mefuresh pesukim is less likely to be literal (e.g. Yakov Avinu lo mes).

    in reply to: "Not to be taken literally" #1191592
    benignuman
    Participant

    lilmod,

    I am not sure how you are understanding the word “midrash.” There are definitely statements brought down in midrashim that are meant entirely literally. These midrashim explain pshat in a pasuk. For example, think of the midrash about Avram being thrown into a furnace by Nimrod.

    in reply to: "Not to be taken literally" #1191591
    benignuman
    Participant

    Sisrei Torah are hidden in aggadata. They are meant to be taught one-on-one with a Rebbe. See the beginning of the second perek of Chagigah ( ??? ?????? . . . ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????)

    It should also be pointed out that sometimes we might say that statement X is not meant to be taken literally because it is a figure of speech not a metaphor. E.g. hakeh es shinav.

    And of course there are times where a story is literally true and is also meant as a metaphor.

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