Home › Forums › Bais Medrash › Minhagim › Minhag Hamakom
- This topic has 121 replies, 25 voices, and was last updated 6 years, 10 months ago by GAON.
-
AuthorPosts
-
February 15, 2018 3:51 pm at 3:51 pm #1470136JosephParticipant
Neville: There’s still the issue of the tznius woman being an eyesore as that rare woman who is the only driver in the road (in Meah Shearim, Kiryas Yoel, Williamsburg, etc.). I mean you can find opinions that women can wear pants. (Yes, I know unlike here those are left wing rabbis.) Regarding Ezras Noshim, Rav Shteinman and Rav Chaim weren’t mattir. And EN doesn’t operate in Williamsburg in any event.
I’ve also mentioned earlier neighborhoods were virtually 100% of the women do not drive (per the Psak of the kehilos rabbonim.)
February 15, 2018 3:55 pm at 3:55 pm #1470144โ DaasYochid โParticipantHow are women driving “an eyesore”?
February 15, 2018 4:14 pm at 4:14 pm #1470152JosephParticipantWhen she’s the only woman driving in a neighborhood where women never drive. That attracts attention on her, as being out of the norm for a woman.
February 15, 2018 4:16 pm at 4:16 pm #1470153๐ต โจ GamanitParticipantJoseph- would you be okay with a woman driving a car where the driver sits on the right side with her husband sitting on what’s usually the driver’s side of the car?
February 15, 2018 8:36 pm at 8:36 pm #1470322PhilParticipant“Thereโs still the issue of the tznius woman being an eyesore”
Joseph,
Did you read what you wrote before posting it? Creating a fake halacha so you can then call a woman an eyesore? Maybe HKB”H looks down at your eagerness to constantly find fault with other Jews and considers you to be an eyesore.
February 15, 2018 8:53 pm at 8:53 pm #1470325Neville ChaimBerlinParticipant“Thereโs still the issue of the tznius woman being an eyesore”
That’s not a halachic reason, and since you didn’t provide any source I’ll assume it’s because you can’t because there are none. Unlike the more left-wing posters, I would be willing to hear you out were you to provide any real evidence. Also, unlike them, I am not belittling this minhag or claiming you’re making it up. However, claiming that lo tisgodedu applies here seems to be made up by you.
On a side note, Ezras Nashim for sure operates in Williamsberg. I thought they even originated there. Their Satmar volunteers do not drive.
February 15, 2018 10:11 pm at 10:11 pm #1470345JosephParticipantEN *only* operates in BP. Nowhere else.
February 15, 2018 11:13 pm at 11:13 pm #1470387๐ต โจ GamanitParticipantJoseph- you didn’t answer my question
February 16, 2018 8:07 am at 8:07 am #1470522CSParticipantBTW regarding women drivers the Rebbe explicitly told people is not our minhag to forbid women from driving but it depends if it’s the minhag hamakom by them. If it is they need to be careful about it there.
February 16, 2018 8:07 am at 8:07 am #1470442JosephParticipantNeville, why would you assume that lo tisgodedu is inapplicable?
February 16, 2018 8:07 am at 8:07 am #1470440JosephParticipantGamanit, I don’t understand your question. I understand the technical aspect but not your point. Please explain how what you’re asking is relevant.
February 16, 2018 8:11 am at 8:11 am #1470521CSParticipantI remember learning in kvuda bas melech that minhag hamakom only works to up a standard, not lower it. And of course it can’t compromise halacha.
So if I visit anywhere and my Rabbonim hold its best to wear a sheitel, I keep the sheitel.
But if I know that the wedding im attending in willi the people there only wear black id probably have to wear black but not sure if that’s a Tznius thing or a minhag hamakom thing or both.
If I go to a bungalow colony where people wear flip-flops I can’t do that because it lowers my standards.
And the meah shearim lady would not be able to take off her shawl if that is considered a higher standard is tznius.
February 16, 2018 8:20 am at 8:20 am #1470423PhilParticipant“Joseph- you didnโt answer my question”
That’s because Rabbeinu Joseph paskens, based upon “Kol Kevudah Bas Melech Penima”, that a woman should really ride in the trunk of a car, but certainly no closer to the front than the back seat.
February 16, 2018 8:47 am at 8:47 am #1470545JosephParticipantBTW regarding women drivers the Rebbe explicitly told people is not our minhag to forbid women from driving but it depends if itโs the minhag hamakom by them. If it is they need to be careful about it there.
There you go, Neville. A Psak that “our women may drive in our community, but if they go to a community where driving is forbidden for women then our women are not permitted to drive there.”
February 16, 2018 11:34 am at 11:34 am #1470577GAONParticipantJoseph,
You are totally missing the point, almost all cities including Jerusalem have no status of an ืขืืจ’ as far as Minhag goes. Kiryas Joel might have such status as there is one Bes Din and one Rav that was accepted via it’s residents.
Also, doing or refraining from something by many individuals does not establish something as a Minhag haMakom. It has to officially established and accepted as a Minhag of the city.
I don’t think merely passing a city is either a condition to ืืืืื one to follow it’s customs. You have to at least live there temporarily to be included in the the Minhag hamkom Chiyuv, however it all depends when and what and how the minhag was implemented in the first place. Was is it an official tekanah on all people of the town before and after? Was it that each individual happened to follow certain customs and poskim?
In any case, most of your comments indicate that you are speaking without having any knowledge on the subject, which is complex. If you want to have any say in the matter, you should learn trough most of the Pri Chadash I mentioned earlier.
February 16, 2018 11:35 am at 11:35 am #1470607zahavasdadParticipantYeshivish women drive and they drive often in Williamsburg as there are often alot of wedding there
February 16, 2018 12:45 pm at 12:45 pm #1470661JosephParticipantZD, just because something is done doesn’t mean it is correct or proper to do.
In any event, as some others have pointed out, Kiryas Yoel and New Square (or in Eretz Yisroel, Meah Shearim and a bunch of other places) would be an even better example. If a female visitor came to one of those places it would be improper for her to drive around. (Especially if she isn’t just passing through, but rather stopping and staying in town.)
February 16, 2018 1:00 pm at 1:00 pm #1470324Neville ChaimBerlinParticipanthttps://www.ezras-nashim.org/endorsements/
Mods, it’s up to you whether or not you want to let it through. I don’t know of any other way to give a source to refute him speaking on behalf of the Gedolei Hador.
February 16, 2018 1:02 pm at 1:02 pm #1470689๐ต โจ GamanitParticipantJoseph- I’m trying to understand what you think the issue with a woman driving is. Is it that supposedly sitting in the driver’s seat is more visible than the front passenger seat or is it somehow “not tznius” for a woman to be in control of a vehicle?
February 16, 2018 1:14 pm at 1:14 pm #1470703zahavasdadParticipantActually Joseph in some yeshivish velts, the women drive and the men dont
Including Rav Neuman..Are you a bigger talmud Chacham than Rav Neuman?
February 16, 2018 1:15 pm at 1:15 pm #1470707JosephParticipantNeville, I’m quite familiar with who EN claims supports them. Their claims aren’t accurate. I heard exactly what Rav Shteinman (and Rav Chaim) told them. The videotape is online. A careful listening of exactly what Rav Shteinman told them indicates he did not endorse everything they actually do.
February 16, 2018 1:15 pm at 1:15 pm #1470711GAONParticipant“(or in Eretz Yisroel, Meah Shearim”
“Meah Shearim has no status of an “Ir”, nor has Jerusalem according to many poskim especially nowadays.
Joseph and others:
Please refer to the below link for the psak of Rav Dovid of Karlin ZTL (Os Gimel), that the inhabitants of Yerushlayim can not force their customs on other people that move there after any tekanah.
http://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=1581&st=&pgnum=48
February 16, 2018 1:15 pm at 1:15 pm #1470715JosephParticipantGamanit: It isn’t *me* or my issue. Gedolei Poskim have addressed the issue of women driving. And some of them, including written teshuvos from luminaries such as Rav Vozner, ruled against it. As far as what their issue is, I believe it is the driving, not the sitting in the front seat.
February 16, 2018 1:26 pm at 1:26 pm #1470731Neville ChaimBerlinParticipantGaon: Rav Eliyashiv poskened that if an American Ashkenaz who wraps tefillin on Chol Hamoed moves to Jerusalem, he must stop doing so. So, I don’t this it’s as pashut as saying Jerusalem has no sway on minhag hamakom.
February 16, 2018 1:26 pm at 1:26 pm #1470730GAONParticipant“including written teshuvos from luminaries such as Rav Vozner, ruled against it’
While i didn’t see the responsum, I bet it has to do that with “fact” (at the time!) that women there do not drive…but I doubt there is any concrete proof leHalcha that there is any issue.
Hence, once the facts change there is no issue..
February 16, 2018 1:34 pm at 1:34 pm #1470741JosephParticipantGaon, Rav Vozner never changed his position. He maintained it was assur until his recent petira. Please read it inside. I believe I put a translation of his teshuva in an older thread here about women driving.
February 16, 2018 1:44 pm at 1:44 pm #1470747GAONParticipantJoseph,
Please state the basis of the Psak..
February 16, 2018 1:49 pm at 1:49 pm #1470755GAONParticipant” Rav Vozner never changed his position”
Torah does not work like that, if whatever he based it upon has to do with mere facts – if they change – the Halcha changes. He might have just had such of a custom/chasiddus etc. or thought its not preferable etc. but to say so ‘LeHalacha’ and leDoros you need have proof, especially that other respectable poskim and kehilos permitted…
February 16, 2018 2:24 pm at 2:24 pm #1470764GAONParticipantNeville,
Of course it is not pashut, as I have stated each case and subject is an entirely different status. Teffilin on Chol haMoed is an ‘halacha Minhag” I.e. the Bais Yosef etc. And has been accepted by ALL as the Minhag Yerushlayim/EY hundreds of years. Whereas, customs that have no halachik basis and was never accepted or implementer by all is a different story.
In the above mentioned case of Rav Dovid of Karlin is regarding teaching secular subjects/language, wherein there was a Cherem against it..
February 16, 2018 2:39 pm at 2:39 pm #1470762JosephParticipantGaon, the basis for his ruling didn’t change subsequent to his Psak.
Rav Shmuel HaLevi Wosner: Shevet HaLevi 4:1.2 and Shevet HaLevi 7:11.
HaRav Yitzchak Zilberstein issued the same Psak, less than two years ago, against women driving. He quotes the kuntres Rachmei HaRav from HaGaon HaRav Shmuel Halevy Wosner ZTโL, in which Rav Wosner writes women should not get a drivers license. He explains that while this is somewhat commonplace today, it is not advised for the actual process of obtaining the license results in compromising her modesty as does actual driving of a vehicle by a woman for this exposes her to sites in the streets and marketplace.
โืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืฉื ืืืกืื ืืช ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืืืคืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืฆืืืงืื ืืื ืืฆืืจืฃ ืืื ืืขืืืจืืช ืื ืขืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืืกืื ืื ืืืจืืืโ.
February 16, 2018 3:41 pm at 3:41 pm #1470727Neville ChaimBerlinParticipantThank you CS for the source. That refutes my claim lo tisgodedu definitely doesn’t apply here; it also refutes my claim that Lubavitchers tend to ignore minhag hamakom. I guess I had drawn incorrect conclusions from Lubavitchers I had met who weren’t necessarily acting correctly.
I concede that we can’t say Joseph’s argument is baseless anymore. However, I will still say that we (Litvaks) clearly don’t posken this way in regards to Brooklyn. Kiryas Yoel could very well be different; I’m not sure.
February 17, 2018 7:03 pm at 7:03 pm #1470835CSParticipantImportant clarification : to the best of my knowledge, the Rebbe’s response regarding women driving only applied to women who had moved to a community where women didn’t drive, not merely visiting.
I remember hearing this together with another story that one woman drove anyway I guess because she figured it can’t be that bad if our Rabbanim pasken that its fine. End of story : unfortunately she was involved in a bad car accident r”l.
The Rabbanim who don’t allow women driving base it on the fact that a woman isn’t meant to be “out there” in the world like a man. I don’t know more as it isn’t our shita in lubavitch but that’s what I recall hearing.
February 17, 2018 7:41 pm at 7:41 pm #1470908GadolhadorahParticipant“…the process of obtaining the [driver’s license] results in compromising her modesty as does actual driving of a vehicle by a woman for this exposes her to sites in the streets and marketplace…”
Not sure what relevance this may have had at some point decades ago but it is totally irrelevant and nonsensical today. A woman can get a driver’s license at the Motor Vehicles department with no issues of tzinius and in NY, NJ and many other states, can request a woman examiner for the driving test. The second comment makes even less sense. A woman walking on the sidewalk is more likely to encounter and see up close a lot more pritzus than driving in her car along the same street.
February 17, 2018 11:56 pm at 11:56 pm #1471010PhilParticipantGH,
If he were more forthcoming, Joseph would actually tell you that “Kol Kevudah” means that women should never be outside their homes at all and shouldn’t even be walking on the sidewalk.
February 18, 2018 12:16 am at 12:16 am #1471015JosephParticipantPhil, take a look at Shulchan Aruch EH 73:1 and Rambam Hilchos Ishus 13:11.
February 18, 2018 2:23 am at 2:23 am #1471043JosephParticipantPhil: Why are you angry at me at what Chazal, the Rambam and the Mechaber pasken is Halacha? All I offered to you before your outburst were maare mekomos.
February 18, 2018 10:15 am at 10:15 am #1471185GadolhadorahParticipantPhil”
It takes an adom katan to find some quotation from chazal that arguably had a nuanced meeting over a thousand years ago and attempt to suggest it has literal applicability today. Such trolls obviously have serious issues that they are dealing with via anonymous postings on a discussion site and derive some sick satisfaciton from watching the outrage they can muster. The arsonist who sets a fire and then waits around for the sirens and flashig lights are a poor analogy to trolling sick and hateful comments on womens’ right, ethnic superioriy etc and saying “well thats what chazal say”, . are a form of virtual arson. To wish bad outcomes for such trolls is probably stooping to their level.
Approved, with the disclaimer that chazal’s quotations do not expire with time. – 29
February 18, 2018 10:39 am at 10:39 am #1471244PhilParticipantJoseph,
I see you’re off trolling again about Zionism and trying to weasel out of answering some very simple questions. You quoted the sources and therefore shouldn’t be afraid to answer the following:
1) Do you only let your wife out of the house twice a month?
2) How many times have you hit her to make her do what’s right?
3) Do you support your children past the age of six?Avoiding these questions only confirms what everyone already suspects, that you’re nothing more than a sick troll, an constant eyesore (your word) on this site.
February 18, 2018 10:55 am at 10:55 am #1471259GadolhadorahParticipantObviously the learning we bring down from chazal are timeless but hte ability to apply that wisdom to the world we live in is what distinguishes midless trolling from the daas torah we receive from the gadolim and poskin we rely upon in living our daily lives.
February 18, 2018 11:38 am at 11:38 am #1471278Takes2-2tangoParticipantRav Binyamin [Yehoshua] Zilber, however, argues at length that women driving entails no violation whatsoever of the norms of modesty:
โon the contrary, she locks herself up in a box called โautomobileโ, and we thus avoid [the problems of] walking behind a woman and passing between women, and of gazingโ
In the same vein, he rejects as nonsensical the claim that women driving will increase the frequency of their appearance in public:โI do not know what he is talking about โ we see that the street is brimming full of women, virtually ninety percent [of people in the street] are women, and by traveling in cars [this percentage] is not increased, but just the opposite, since something that takes her about half an hour to do by foot she can do by car in a few minutes.โ
ืื ื ื ืืื ืืคื ื ืโื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉื ืชืคืจืกื ืขื ืืื ืืขืืจืจืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืช ืจืืื ืืืืืฆืืช ืขืืจ ืืืกืืจ ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืคืจืืืืช ืฉืืื. ืืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืงืจืงืข ืืคื ื ืืชโืจ. ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืื, ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืชืืื, ืื ืืฉ ืืคืฉืจืืืช ืฉื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืฆื ื ืฉืื ืืืืืืช, ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืื ืืคืจืืฆืช ืืืจ, ืืืคืจื ืฉืืืืข ืื ืืืื ืจืืฉื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืืงืื ืืืคืืจืกืืื ืฉืืืโื ืืืโื ืฉื ืฉืืชืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืจืื ืืกืืืขืืช ืืื ืืืขืืืื ืืืืื ืชืืจื ืฉืื ืืฆืืจืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืงืจ ืืืจืืฆืช ืชืืจื, ืืื ืืกืืจืืช ืืขืืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืงืื. ืืื ืืงืืื ืืืโื ืืฆื ืืจื ืื ื ืชืืจื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืโ ืื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืฉื ืฉื ืฉืืชืืื ืขืืฉืืช ืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืช ืืคืจื ืกืชื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืคืจืืขืื, ืืืืืืืช ืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืขื ืื ืช ืืืกืืจ ืืจืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืขืืืื, ืฉืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืช ืจืืื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืช ืืืคืจื ืกื, ืืืคืจื ืฉืื ืฉืืขืชื ืฉืโ ืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืโื ื ืฉืื ืืืืจื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืฉืืืื, ืื ืขืืืฃ ืฉืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืื ืชื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืจืื โ ืืฆืืจื ืคืจื ืกื โ ืืืืจื ืฉืขืืืฃ ืฉืชืืื ืืฉืชื ื ืืืื [ืืืืคื ืฉืืกืืืจ ืืจืื ืืฆื ืืขืืช ืืฆื ื ืฉืื ืืืืืื] ืืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืจืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืช ืืืคืจื ืกื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืกืืง ืืชืืจื ืืืืขื. ืืืื ืืืืช ืืจืืืชื ืฉืืฆืื ืืืืฆืืช ืขืืจ ื ืื ืืืจ ืื, ืืืื ืื ืฉืืขืชื ืืฉื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืคืืจืกื ืฉืืืโื ืฉืืื ืืขืชื ื ืืื ืืื ืื, ืืื ืืืขืชื ืืืฆื ืืฉ ืืขืฉืืช ืืืขืฉื, ืื ืขืฆื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืืคื ืฉืืื ืืฉืฉ ืคืจืืฆืืช ืืืืืฆื ืืื, ืืฉืชืกืืข ืืช ืืฉืคืืชื ืืฉืืจ ืฆืจืื ืืืืช ืืคืจื ืกืชื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืขืื ืืขืกืืง ืืชืืจื ืขื ืื ืื ืืืืช. ืืืืื ืืืขโื ืื ืืืืืข ืื ืืขืชืFebruary 18, 2018 12:45 pm at 12:45 pm #1471320JosephParticipantTakes2: No one disagrees that it is a machlokes haposkim, with great names on both sides, whether women may drive.
ghdora: The Mechaber didn’t give this Psak “over a thousand years ago.” And Klal Yisroel has accepted the Psakim of the Mechaber given in the S”A as binding. Furthermore, this Psak comes directly from Chazal. And even moreso, no one, that’s right no one – not before the Mechaber and not since the Mechaber, argues against this Psak in S”A (that’s also in the Rambam.)
February 18, 2018 1:05 pm at 1:05 pm #1471349PhilParticipantJoseph,
Why are you so afraid to answer questions about the very sources you quoted? Is it because you only cited them to criticize other Jews but don’t actually follow them yourself? You do know that such reprehensible behavior is the textbook definition of a filthy troll, correct? Is that how you want to be known?
February 18, 2018 1:47 pm at 1:47 pm #1471360Reb EliezerParticipantIf your minhag is to put on Tefilin on Chal Hamoad put it on privately at home but not in public, if it is not the minhag hamakom.
February 18, 2018 1:47 pm at 1:47 pm #1471354๐RebYidd23ParticipantI still find it shocking that Joseph considers women an eyesore. That’s not normal or healthy.
February 18, 2018 2:15 pm at 2:15 pm #1471381๐RebYidd23ParticipantI know he considers women to be less than men, but until now, I didn’t know he considered all women ugly.
February 18, 2018 3:31 pm at 3:31 pm #1471415GAONParticipantJoseph,
I saw the Teshuva and there is no mention of anything to do with ืืืื, Rav Wosner agrees you can NOT prohibit it in terms of any Halachik basis and, there is no proof or any source saying driving is any different than just walking on the street. (He agrees you can not bring proof from the times of the Talmud)
The rest as they will say, ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืจื ื ืืืืืช. And is not something that binds anyone to have to be machmir.
Yes, if the custom would have been that women limit their appearances on the street etc then it has a pshat. But as it is, walk down any street in Bnei Brak and it is full. Same with all other cities mentioned.
Hence, the concept of ืชืงื ื ืืื ืื has no effect there. As it all depends in the circumstances.
As far as Hilchos Minhogim is concerned nowadays, it has no effect of anything that falls into any category of either Minhag based on Halacha or ืกืืื. it seems to be just a Chasidish based custom.
You have no other source than just the mere saying “that Rav Wosner says so”.
Rav Zilber and others have a very strong case why yes. They say rather they should not travel on buses along other men, or having to take taxis with men drivers. The fact is, women are much more active today, most women work and need to travel to get there.
February 18, 2018 3:33 pm at 3:33 pm #1471416GadolhadorahParticipantThere was a Rav who used to say that the men who always claimed to put women up on a pedestal (to establish their egalitarian credentials) did so only because it made it easier to bash them…sort of like teein up a golfball. While this Rav was not widely known among the frum tzibur (he was a musmach from YU in a MO shul), there is an element of truth to his words. Most of the worst abusers superficially have ehrliche yiddeshe and traditional church affiliations and claim venerate and worship women in their “special role” but the reality are women with black eyes the photo we saw of the ex-wife of Trumps special assistant last week.
February 18, 2018 3:57 pm at 3:57 pm #1471426JosephParticipantGaon,
Rav Vozner is not Chasidish. Everything you just said doesn’t dispute the fact that it is minimally the “minhag” hamakom.
Are you really trying to claim that if a Kiryas Yoel woman or a New Square woman or a woman from one of the many Chareidi (including most non-Chasidish Chareidim in Eretz Yisroel) communities where women do not drive, wants to drive then she can disregard the community and simply drive at will?
February 18, 2018 4:06 pm at 4:06 pm #1471458Reb EliezerParticipantThe word for marriage in hebrew is Nisuim to elevate that is to put each other on a pedestal and only see good in each other.
February 18, 2018 6:45 pm at 6:45 pm #1471528PhilParticipantJoseph,
More fake halacha and still trying to weasel out of answering some very simple questions. You quoted the sources and therefore shouldnโt be afraid to answer the following:
1) Do you only let your wife out of the house twice a month?
2) How many times have you hit her to make her do whatโs right?
3) Do you support your children past the age of six?Avoiding these questions only confirms what everyone already suspects, that youโre nothing more than a sick troll, an constant eyesore (your word) on this site.
-
AuthorPosts
- You must be logged in to reply to this topic.