It depends on the context. Very often it is shorthand for any non-Jew. Many Rishonim were lenient on Yayin Nesech when he wasn’t litteraly an Oved Kochavim.
The famous rubber stamp on old Sefarim says that, “wherever it says Goy, Akum, and Kuti, it doesn’t mean those today whom we live amongst. It means the ancient idol-worshippers. Today, on the contrary, they are G-d fearing.” This rubber-stamp can be found on Kuntreisim dealing explicitly with the present day, as well.