000646, this question is dealt with by the Ramchal in Daas Tevunos and Derech Hashem, and by others as well. The question goes back even further to the Baalei tosfos who died in the Crusades, the Tannaim who died during the Churban Bayis Sheini and Churban Beitar, the nevi’im who died during churban bayis rishon, etc. The answer is that during times of danger and sha’as hadin, even learning can’t necessarily save someone. The Holocaust is an old question, just on a larger scale.
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