Value of science (that is, understanding the world Hashem created for us) is clearly stated in a midrash that asks – why early humans lived longer? A: they did not benefit from previous writings, so each of them had to make his own astronomical observations to figure out all the planet and stars movements.
This sounds like a back-projection from the era of astronomy, but clearly says that a person did not fulfill his role in the world until he built all those Ptolemy’s circles (or better Copernicus or Einstein models).
The arguments against chochmas goyim:
1) We now have Torah, so non-Jews could work out quantum physics on their own, while we are
torn between Abaye and Rava
2) social effect of secular learning leading to university dorms and mixed dancing.
These are valid ones, but can be addressed: (1) with the right balance, (2) with right social construct
Major argument for (beyond lifestyle, parnosa): bein Adam l’Havero is a major part of Torah. Healing people may need an MD; finding lost objects – writing phone apps; teaching Torah to busy people – ability to use zoom; unloading enemy’s donkey – using heavy machinery. More generally – organizing healthy and just society requires knowledge of modern society.