Labeling the brachot according to fruits and vegetables is not a literal translation. It can be misleading when taught without context and the Hebrew.
I thought that tomatoes are “Ha adamah” because the tomato grows from the ground like a berry, or melon.
It does not have a tree trunk that grows tall, branches, and bears fruit
What we get from a tree “etz” is a fruit from the tree, thus “ha etz.”
Tomatos like strawberries and blueberries don’t grow on trees. They grow close to the soil/ground/dirt, or “adamah,” on plants, so they are “ha adamah.”
Also I don’t think the same rule of waiting three years to pick the fruit from the tree applies to something like a tomato plant or melons.
Sometimes these “adamah fruit” only grow for a season and the seeds have to be planted again for the next year.
Growing up, we planted our tomato (vines?) plants before harvesting season. They didn’t survive past winter’s frost.
OTOH My neighbor’s apple trees B”H blossomed every year.