Now that we’re talking about imperfect tranlations, I’ll point out that while useful, one should bear in mind that they are imperfect. If the English word were to be taken literally, mistakes would ensue. I assume popa’s rebbe and the talmidim understood this, but I have seen this occur.
For example, if using the term “minor”, one needs to understand that the halachic term “ketanah” or “katan” is not precisely defined as “minor”, because the parameters are different.