Popa’s contribution:
We can measure basic scholarship by time and effort spent, accounting for intellect. (We will proceed to forget about intellect since we are discussing large numbers of people.)
So, if I learned 10 years full time, don’t tell me that someone else who learned 6 years part time plus 2 years full time knows the same amount as me.
That is it. I readily assume that the rabbinical graduates of a Yeshiva like Chofetz Chaim who on average have learned approximately 14 years full time know more torah than a graduate of YU who on average has learned ______, which is less. (I don’t know exactly what the average is, but it is far less than 14.)